This article provides an overview of the current situation of urban safety risk assessment for multi disaster coupling. Firstly, the diversified characteristics of urban safety risks were analyzed, including natural disasters, accident disasters, and other aspects. Next, the application of the current risk assessment method framework was discussed, and problems in the assessment process were pointed out, such as inaccurate data and incomplete models. Subsequently, the current status of research on multi disaster coupling was discussed, and the correlation between multiple disasters was analyzed. The shortcomings of current research on coupling relationships were pointed out, and suggestions for urban safety risk assessment based on multi disaster coupling were proposed.